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Evidence-Based Healthcare

The Evidence Pyramid

Medical scientists and practitioners rank evidence according to its quality. When these types of evidence are ranked as levels, one on top of the other, the resulting image takes the form of a pyramid, because the higher the quality of evidence, the rarer it is, and the lower the quality of evidence, the more ubiquitous it is. The highest quality evidence (level 1 evidence) is the systematic review:

NOTE: Blue hyperlinks below will take you directly to the indicated resource!

Systematic Reviews/Meta-Analyses:  

Critically Appraised Topics (a short summary of the best available evidence, created to answer a specific clinical question.) 

Critically Appraised Articles (an article that uses a systematic process to identify the strengths and weaknesses of a research article in order to assess the usefulness and validity of research findings.) 

Randomized Controlled Trials/Cohort Studies/Case-Controlled Studies/Case Series/Reports:

The TRIP database searches the top 6 levels of the pyramid at the same time! That's everything above this line! (You can borrow any article you find by filling out the form HERE.)

Background Information:

  • Print Textbooks,
  • Up-to-Date,
  • AccessMedicine
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